Impact of End System scheduling policies on AFDX performance in avionic on-board data network

Ordinary aircrafts rely on point to point wire connection to transmit data. These wires add additional weight to the aircrafts and thus, the fuel cost is increased. Aircrafts released in recent years used AFDX protocol to transfer data within the aircraft. AFDX is a deterministic network transfer protocol used in aircrafts to ensure the quality of service (QoS) on the network and reduce the wiring needed. However, the specification of AFDX only defines the required performance without providing the methods to achieve it and hence there is a room for research. The motivation of this paper is to investigate and analyse impact of different scheduling policies of End System on the performance of a real avionic on-board data network running AFDX protocol

A Novel Traffic Light Scheduling based on TLVC and Vehicles’ Priority for Reducing Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emission

This paper proposes a novel and adaptive traffic light scheduling scheme via two-way Traffic-Light-to-Vehicle Communication (TLVC) for fuel consumption and CO2 emission reduction, namely CO2Red. In addition to TLVC, a pioneer priority framework is also proposed to give a high priority to heavily-loaded vehicles, which consume and emit larger amount of fuel and CO2 due to breaking and stoppage. The proposed scheme aims to promote a green driving environment in the land transportation sector by increasing green light hit rate for all vehicles, especially for heavily-loaded vehicles, and reduce the total amount of fuel consumption and CO2 emission by reducing the number of stops at traffic lights. The simulation results demonstrate that the green light hit rate of all vehicles is greatly improved, especially of heavily-loaded vehicles, which consequently reduces fuel consumption and CO2 emission in land transportation secto

Priority based routing protocol with reliability enhancement in vehicular ad hoc network

This paper proposes a reliability enhancement routing protocol in Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) called Priority based Routing Protocol with Reliability Enhancement (PRP-RE). Priority based Routing Protocol (PRP) was previously proposed to provide i) fully distributed routing protocol, ii) different quality of services (QoS) for different types of messages, iii) maximum message dissemination distance per hop of information relay. However, PRP cannot attain high reliability when dissemination distance becomes larger. With the reliability enhancement, implicit acknowledgement and retransmission mechanisms, PRP-RE are able to achieve both higher reliability and further message dissemination distance. PRP-RE is evaluated using network simulation tool named OMNeT++ in terms of average MAC delay as well as percentage of message reception and collision. The results show PRP-RE provides significant improvement in both reception rate and communication distance, with a little impact on MAC delay. In addition, PRP-RE is still able to maintain proportional MAC delay according to priorities of messages in fully distributed environment. Therefore, the PRP-RE presents a good balance of reliability, delay, and dissemination distance. © 2012 IEEE

A Novel Traffic Light Scheduling based on TLVC and Vehicles’ Priority for Reducing Fuel Consumption and CO2 Emission

This paper proposes a novel and adaptive traffic light scheduling scheme via two-way Traffic-Light-to-Vehicle Communication (TLVC) for fuel consumption and CO2 emission reduction, namely CO2Red. In addition to TLVC, a pioneer priority framework is also proposed to give a high priority to heavily-loaded vehicles, which consume and emit larger amount of fuel and CO2 due to breaking and stoppage. The proposed scheme aims to promote a green driving environment in the land transportation sector by increasing green light hit rate for all vehicles, especially for heavily-loaded vehicles, and reduce the total amount of fuel consumption and CO2 emission by reducing the number of stops at traffic lights. The simulation results demonstrate that the green light hit rate of all vehicles is greatly improved, especially of heavily-loaded vehicles, which consequently reduces fuel consumption and CO2 emission in land transportation secto

Secure priority based inter-vehicle communication MAC protocol for highway safety messaging

In this paper we propose a secure MAC protocol for Inter-Vehicle Communication in conjunction with message priority for highway safety messaging. The protocol that can be implemented in both vehicular infrastructure and ad hoc networks provides the following security services: authentication, integrity, non-repudiation, and privacy. Using OPNET Modeler, we evaluate the performance of our proposed secure protocol and compare it against a basic protocol without security provisions. The comparison considers performance metrics such as the percentage of successful transmissions and average delay, for different system parameters such as number of vehicles, and percentage of priority 1 messages. We also discuss the tradeoffs between the security provision and the system performance. Our simulations reveal that the proposed secure protocol is a viable solution for secure priority based IVC, i.e., the protocol provides: 1) secure communication, 2) low average delays (lower than the tolerated delays in IVC), and 3) high reliability for priority 1 messages. Moreover, the proposed protocol is fully compatible with both IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.11e standards. © 2007 IEEE

Secure priority based inter-vehicle communication MAC protocol for highway safety messaging

In this paper we propose a secure MAC protocol for Inter-Vehicle Communication in conjunction with message priority for highway safety messaging. The protocol that can be implemented in both vehicular infrastructure and ad hoc networks provides the following security services: authentication, integrity, non-repudiation, and privacy. Using OPNET Modeler, we evaluate the performance of our proposed secure protocol and compare it against a basic protocol without security provisions. The comparison considers performance metrics such as the percentage of successful transmissions and average delay, for different system parameters such as number of vehicles, and percentage of priority 1 messages. We also discuss the tradeoffs between the security provision and the system performance. Our simulations reveal that the proposed secure protocol is a viable solution for secure priority based IVC, i.e., the protocol provides: 1) secure communication, 2) low average delays (lower than the tolerated delays in IVC), and 3) high reliability for priority 1 messages. Moreover, the proposed protocol is fully compatible with both IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.11e standards. © 2007 IEEE

Military inter-vehicle communication with message priority using IEEE 802.11e

In this paper, we study the use of IEEE 802.11e for priority based messaging in Military Inter-Vehicle Communications (IVC). In the battlefield, messages generated by military vehicles (i.e., urgent combat related messages, warning messages) have different priorities which have different performance requirements in terms of delay and reliability. The message priorities are assigned based on the urgency of the message. For example, combat related messages will have the highest priority which is reflected in the lowest delay and highest reliability. We investigate the use of IEEE 802.11e to provide such priority based service differentiation. We examine a number of parameters' setting in the IEEE 802.11e Enhanced Distribution Coordination Access (EDCA) that will meet military vehicular communication requirements for different types of messages. OPNET based simulation studies are conducted to compare the protocol performance for each priority in terms of average delay as well as the percentage of dropped data. The results show that using proper parameters' setting for 802.11e will result in an efficient solution for IVC that supports different priority messaging

Routing protocol in intervehicle communication systems: a survey

Communication technology for vehicles has become an important topic for research. IEEE standards including IEEE 802.11p and IEEE P1609.1-4 have emerged to provide a framework for intervehicular communication (IVC). However, due to particular characteristics of IVC, such as high mobility, unstable connectivity, and network partitioning, information routing becomes inevitably challenging. This article reviews the recent research progress to highlight research challenges in vehicular routing protocol as a guideline for future development of IVC applications. The article focuses on the IEEE DSRC/WAVE standard. The state of the art in IVC routing protocols is surveyed, and open issues for further research are highlighted in the article

Routing protocol in intervehicle communication systems: a survey

Communication technology for vehicles has become an important topic for research. IEEE standards including IEEE 802.11p and IEEE P1609.1-4 have emerged to provide a framework for intervehicular communication (IVC). However, due to particular characteristics of IVC, such as high mobility, unstable connectivity, and network partitioning, information routing becomes inevitably challenging. This article reviews the recent research progress to highlight research challenges in vehicular routing protocol as a guideline for future development of IVC applications. The article focuses on the IEEE DSRC/WAVE standard. The state of the art in IVC routing protocols is surveyed, and open issues for further research are highlighted in the article